Geotextile

What is Geotextile?

Geotextile, also known as Geosynthetics, is a material made of polyester or polypropylene fibers. With its many properties, it finds application in almost all spheres of construction. There are two main types of geotextiles, which depending on the needs can have different purposes and qualities – woven and non-woven.

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Fields of use of Geotextiles

  • In construction

    To stabilize the soil under and around the construction site. Making drains from this material saves time and money, and the quality remains high.

  • Road infrastructure

    As far as road construction is concerned, geotextiles are used for several of their functions – they are used for separation of individual layers, drainage, soil reinforcement and filtration. This allows the prevention of contamination of the foundation by fine particles, the free drainage of the water table, facilitates the preparation of the terrain and minimizes the need for interruptions due to climatic changes. It also reduces the need for deep excavations on unsuitable sub-bases and extends the life of the pavement whilst reducing repair and maintenance costs.

  • In the construction of drains

    One of the main functions of geosynthetics is drainage. It is an integral part of the construction of drainage systems, drains, channels, bands, retaining walls, sports fields. This is because geotextile is a permanent and sustainable filter that does not require a deep excavation and at the same time has a low impact on the environment.

  • Railways

    During the construction of the drainage systems, which are an integral part of the construction of each railway line. Thanks to its separating, filtering and drainage properties, the geotextile helps to strengthen the ground under the reinforcement. And laying it between the reinforcing elements themselves additionally contributes to the longer service life of the line.

  • Retaining walls

    Geosynthetics are a major part of the degeneration of retaining walls. It is used for protection with geomembranes, used under embankments and other reinforcing materials. Most often, retaining walls degenerate during the construction of drainage systems, dangerous riverbeds, banks, systems to protect bands and bridges, landslides, formation of artificial lakes and dams.

Advantages of Geotextiles

  • Environmentally friendly – even if it is created from artificial materials, geosynthetics does not release any toxic and environmentally hazardous substances
  • Chemically resistant – the material from which the geotextile is made is highly resistant to chemical substances and compounds, which gives it a protective function
  • Easy to transport and use – the packages available are on rolls, of different sizes, depending on the required quantity
  • Geotextile does not need maintenance – due to its strong resistance, once installed the geosynthetic does not need to be replaced.

 

Functions of Geosynthetics

  1. Separation function – used to separate earth layers of different types and fractions
  2. Protective function – used to protect different types of systems from chemical and physical damage
  3. Drainage function – used to collect and drain groundwater
  4. Stabilizing function – used to provide additional stabilization and strength of the soil by redistributing the load
  5. Filtering function – often used to retain soil and rock particles and prevent them from being carried out, disintegrating and sliding under the influence of hydrodynamic forces.

Non-woven/ Needle punched geotextile

Non-woven geosynthetics is a structure of needle punched fibers and is made by mechanical and/or thermal compaction of the threads. The structure of the material is continuous and not particularly dense, which makes it more flexible and stretchable.

Advantages of non-woven geotextile:

  • Flexible and slightly stretchable material that fits easily on any type of terrain.
  • Resistant to penetrating forces from sharp objects.
  • High drainage efficiency.
  • Resistance to UV factors.

It is used as needed for:

  • Drainage.
  • Filtering.
  • Separation of different layers of mass.

Woven geotextile

As a continuous, smooth material, woven geosynthetics are produced by a single fiber machine-weaving process. They acquire a mesh structure that is strong and stable, but at the same time permeable and flexible.

Advantages of woven geotextile:

  • It has high strength characteristics.
  • Resistant to penetrating forces from sharp objects.
  • Non-stretch and stable material.

It is used as needed for:

  • Strengthening foundations.
  • Making drains with a need for greater strength of materials.
  • Various applications where durability is important.